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venezuela

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April 3, 2026

Analysis

Producing Scarcity

Sanctions on the Venezuelan central bank

The US siege of Venezuela has crippled the country's financial system. What are the preconditions for its recovery?

January 22, 2026

Analysis

Lift the Siege

Venezuela and the IMF

Will Caracas be able to mount an economic recovery in the aftermath of the US assault?

January 16, 2026

Analysis

Matrices of Empire

Explaining the assault on Venezuela

Washington's campaign to weaken Chinese influence in Latin America is crucial context for its abduction of Maduro. Will its aggression backfire?

December 6, 2024

Analysis

Energy Offshoots

Transformations in Petróleos de Venezuela and geopolitical realignments

Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) has been integral to Nicolás Maduro’s government and the greater Chavista project. Despite the state-owned oil company controlling the largest crude oil reserves in the world, its production capabilities have fallen sharply since 2014: the country…

March 21, 2024

Analysis

Offshore Treasure

ExxonMobil, Venezuela, and the battle for Guyana’s oil

Since the discovery of some of the world’s largest oil reserves in 2015, Guyana has entered a period of economic and geostrategic reconfiguration. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), Guyana holds the sixth-largest oil reserves in the Americas and…